Papillomatosis of the larynx is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time conservative methods of combating the disease appeared.
reasons
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations have a benign nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
Outwardly, the growth resembles a cockscomb of red or pink hue. Rarely, a single copy appears. Usually there is more than one occurrence.
They occur on the tongue, directly in the larynx, palate and vocal cords, arches of the tonsils, pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger are papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is active.
This happens under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the area of residence;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from small children. However, multiple papillomas in the throat close the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal breathing process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor if left untreated. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Papillomas in the throat: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not manifest itself.
But as the warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- difficult breathing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, coughing for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough accompanied by sputum or even blood discharge;
- lump in throat.
Papillomas in the throat in children can manifest with symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema of the respiratory tract;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulties in the implementation of the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
The papilloma virus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- sexual way. The risk of contracting papilloma is especially great for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- home road. When used as a towel, blanket and in public areas.
- through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or microcracks.
- self-infection;
- Passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who is at risk?
Most often, HPV in the throat occurs in children with infections associated with the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common papillomatosis of the throat was among people of the age category from 20 to 45 years.
In the risk factor, a person with bad habits and constant stress leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can provoke the development of throat papillomas:
- taking hormone pills;
- living in an area with a high level of air pollution;
- passive smoking;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- stress.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas found in the throat.
Types of diseases are divided according to age as follows:
- Congenital (i. e. infection occurred in utero).
- child.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or domestically).
- Adult.
- recurrent.
Another division is based on the degree of growth of papillomas:
- limited option when the spread of formations occurs in a particular area of the throat;
- diffuse form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- shutter type. In this case, the growths block the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
Depending on the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First degree of compensation. It is characterized by the appearance of mild difficulty, hoarseness during inhalation and exhalation.
- Second degree of compensation. Shortness of breath appears, the body ceases to have enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweat appears, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is complete cessation of breathing. The patient loses consciousness due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic features, papilloma in the throat can be:
- benign;
- bad-tempered
Localization of papillomas
Neoplasms can be found directly in the throat, in any part of it, or in the larynx. Which of these are dangerous?
These growths in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or on the lateral walls. Rarely, formations can be found in the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a pus taste in the mouth. In particular, it is impossible to independently determine what ⏤ is. You need to contact a specialist.
If this is a fungus, it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsil, the doctor will prescribe an effective treatment. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Larynx papillomas are dangerous. These growths can disrupt the patient's speech, affect the respiratory process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the significant reduction of the respiratory lumen, laryngeal papilloma can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papilloma in the throat
Before starting the treatment of papilloma, the doctor will prescribe a set of diagnostic measures.
Papillomatosis of the throat can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - examination of the problem area using a special instrument laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissues. It is usually done after a growth is removed or a biopsy is taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electroglottography - makes it possible to determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how widespread the problem is in the throat.
conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of drugs based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, they are used for such purposes:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salts.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure should be carried out by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are prohibited for the treatment of children due to their high toxicity.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently been increasingly used to eliminate papillomas.
Remove tumors in the throat with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing and the exclusion of relapses.
The doctor recommends drinking antiviral drugs, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is the surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is chosen:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms on your own. The probability of injury to the papilloma is high. This will provoke the rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will successfully perform the operation.
Surgery to remove growths is contraindicated in children. This leads to a complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk remedies with which they can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoonful of fresh honey per day.
Bay leaf infusion will help to cope with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is drunk. The duration of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. Ingredients are taken in equal proportions. Every day you need to take a spoonful of money. Oats are put on the tongue and washed off with water after a few seconds.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas localized in the throat by drinking a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice root, blackcurrant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The drug is taken one hour after a meal for 3 months.
You can not cure the problem with folk recipes. The sooner the patient sees a doctor, the sooner he receives qualified help, this will help to avoid consequences.